head first c,简单C语言问题 linker error
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简单C语言问题 linker error
这种提示是连接错误(Linker error)。
一般可执行程序的过程是:源代码->目标代码(经过编译)->可执行程序(经过连接)。
你的问题就出在最后一步。那么为何出现这样的问题呢?
既然编译通过,说明你的源程序没问题。那么连接出错由什么原因引起的呢?
一般我们写程序不可能每个功能自己写,一些共用的功能(函数)被封装在库中(主要有两个文件:.h和.lib),你上面的错误说明graphics.h是存在的,所以没有编译错误,但是graphics.lib找不到,就不能进行连接。
解决方法:不管你用什么方法找到graphics.lib,复制到你编程环境中的LIB目录中去。
给你一个完整的贪吃蛇程序(要将TC拷贝至C盘下):
/*共有两关,有记时器和记分器;
按Enter键开局;
在游戏过程中,按ESC键退出,按Enter键重新开局;*/
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<graphics.h>
#include<bios.h>
#include<dos.h>
#include<conio.h>
#define Enter 7181
#define ESC 283
#define UP 18432
#define DOWN 20480
#define LEFT 19200
#define RIGHT 19712
#ifdef __cplusplus
#define __CPPARGS...
#else
#define __CPPARGS
#endif
void interrupt(*oldhandler)(__CPPARGS);
void interrupt newhandler(__CPPARGS);
void SetTimer(void interrupt(*IntProc)(__CPPARGS));
void KillTimer(void);
void Initgra(void);
void TheFirstBlock(void);
void DrawMap(void);
void Initsnake(void);
void Initfood(void);
void Snake_Headmv(void);
void Flag(int,int,int,int);
void GameOver(void);
void Snake_Bodymv(void);
void Snake_Bodyadd(void);
void PrntScore(void);
void Timer(void);
void Win(void);
void TheSecondBlock(void);
void Food(void);
void Dsnkorfd(int,int,int);
void Delay(int);
struct Snake
{int x;int y;int color;}Snk[12];
struct Food
{int x;int y;int color;}Fd;
int flag1=1,flag2=0,flag3=0,flag4=0,flag5=0,flag6=0,
checkx,checky,num,key=0,Times,Score,Hscore,Snkspeed,TimerCounter,TureorFalse;
char Sco[2],Time[6];
void main()
{ Initgra();
SetTimer(newhandler);
TheFirstBlock();
while(1)
{DrawMap();
Snake_Headmv();
GameOver();
Snake_Bodymv();
Snake_Bodyadd();
PrntScore();
Timer();
Win();
if(key==ESC)
break;
if(key==Enter)
{cleardevice();
TheFirstBlock();
}
TheSecondBlock();
Food();
Delay(Snkspeed);
}
closegraph();
KillTimer();
}
void interrupt newhandler(__CPPARGS)
{
TimerCounter++;
oldhandler();
}
void SetTimer(void interrupt(*IntProc)(__CPPARGS))
{
oldhandler=getvect(0x1c);
disable();
setvect(0x1c,IntProc);
enable();
}
void KillTimer()
{
disable();
setvect(0x1c,oldhandler);
enable();
}
void Initgra()
{int gd=DETECT,gm;
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"C:\\tc");
}
void TheFirstBlock()
{setcolor(11);
settextstyle(0,0,4);
outtextxy(100,220,"The First Block");
loop:key=bioskey(0);
if(key==Enter)
{cleardevice();
Initsnake();
Initfood();
Score=0;
Hscore=1;
Snkspeed=10;
num=2;
Times=0;
key=0;
TureorFalse=1;
TimerCounter=0;
Time[0]='0';Time[1]='0';Time[2]=':';Time[3]='1';Time[4]='0';Time[5]='\0';
}
else if(key==ESC) cleardevice();
else goto loop;
}
void DrawMap()
{line(10,10,470,10);
line(470,10,470,470);
line(470,470,10,470);
line(10,470,10,10);
line(480,20,620,20);
line(620,20,620,460);
line(620,460,480,460);
line(480,460,480,20);
}
void Initsnake()
{randomize();
num=2;
Snk[0].x=random(440);
Snk[0].x=Snk[0].x-Snk[0].x%20+50;
Snk[0].y=random(440);
Snk[0].y=Snk[0].y-Snk[0].y%20+50;
Snk[0].color=4;
Snk[1].x=Snk[0].x;
Snk[1].y=Snk[0].y+20;
Snk[1].color=4;
}
void Initfood()
{randomize();
Fd.x=random(440);
Fd.x=Fd.x-Fd.x%20+30;
Fd.y=random(440);
Fd.y=Fd.y-Fd.y%20+30;
Fd.color=random(14)+1;
}
void Snake_Headmv()
{if(bioskey(1))
{key=bioskey(0);
switch(key)
{case UP:Flag(1,0,0,0);break;
case DOWN:Flag(0,1,0,0);break;
case LEFT:Flag(0,0,1,0);break;
case RIGHT:Flag(0,0,0,1);break;
default:break;
}
}
if(flag1)
{checkx=Snk[0].x;
checky=Snk[0].y;
Dsnkorfd(Snk[0].x,Snk[0].y,0);
Snk[0].y-=20;
Dsnkorfd(Snk[0].x,Snk[0].y,Snk[0].color);
}
if(flag2)
{checkx=Snk[0].x;
checky=Snk[0].y;
Dsnkorfd(Snk[0].x,Snk[0].y,0);
Snk[0].y+=20;
Dsnkorfd(Snk[0].x,Snk[0].y,Snk[0].color);
}
if(flag3)
{checkx=Snk[0].x;
checky=Snk[0].y;
Dsnkorfd(Snk[0].x,Snk[0].y,0);
Snk[0].x-=20;
Dsnkorfd(Snk[0].x,Snk[0].y,Snk[0].color);
}
if(flag4)
{checkx=Snk[0].x;
checky=Snk[0].y;
Dsnkorfd(Snk[0].x,Snk[0].y,0);
Snk[0].x+=20;
Dsnkorfd(Snk[0].x,Snk[0].y,Snk[0].color);
}
}
void Flag(int a,int b,int c,int d)
{flag1=a;flag2=b;flag3=c;flag4=d;}
void GameOver()
{int i;
if(Snk[0].x<20||Snk[0].x>460||Snk[0].y<20||Snk[0].y>460)
{cleardevice();
setcolor(11);
settextstyle(0,0,4);
outtextxy(160,220,"Game Over");
loop1:key=bioskey(0);
if(key==Enter)
{cleardevice();
TheFirstBlock();
}
else
if(key==ESC)
cleardevice();
else
goto loop1;
}
for(i=3;i<num;i++)
{if(Snk[0].x==Snk[i].x&&Snk[0].y==Snk[i].y)
{cleardevice();
setcolor(11);
settextstyle(0,0,4);
outtextxy(160,220,"Game Over");
loop2:key=bioskey(0);
if(key==Enter)
{cleardevice();
TheFirstBlock();
}
else
if(key==ESC)
cleardevice();
else goto loop2;
}
}
}
void Snake_Bodymv()
{int i,s,t;
for(i=1;i<num;i++)
{Dsnkorfd(checkx,checky,Snk[i].color);
Dsnkorfd(Snk[i].x,Snk[i].y,0);
s=Snk[i].x;
t=Snk[i].y;
Snk[i].x=checkx;
Snk[i].y=checky;
checkx=s;
checky=t;
}
}
void Food()
{if(flag5)
{randomize();
Fd.x=random(440);
Fd.x=Fd.x-Fd.x%20+30;
Fd.y=random(440);
Fd.y=Fd.y-Fd.y%20+30;
Fd.color=random(14)+1;
flag5=0;
}
Dsnkorfd(Fd.x,Fd.y,Fd.color);
}
void Snake_Bodyadd()
{if(Snk[0].x==Fd.x&&Snk[0].y==Fd.y)
{if(Snk[num-1].x>Snk[num-2].x)
{num++;
Snk[num-1].x=Snk[num-2].x+20;
Snk[num-1].y=Snk[num-2].y;
Snk[num-1].color=Fd.color;
}
else
if(Snk[num-1].x<Snk[num-2].x)
{num++;
Snk[num-1].x=Snk[num-2].x-20;
Snk[num-1].y=Snk[num-2].y;
Snk[num-1].color=Fd.color;
}
else
if(Snk[num-1].y>Snk[num-2].y)
{num++;
Snk[num-1].x=Snk[num-2].x;
Snk[num-1].y=Snk[num-2].y+20;
Snk[num-1].color=Fd.color;
}
else
if(Snk[num-1].y<Snk[num-2].y)
{num++;
Snk[num-1].x=Snk[num-2].x;
Snk[num-1].y=Snk[num-2].y-20;
Snk[num-1].color=Fd.color;
}
flag5=1;
Score++;
}
}
void PrntScore()
{if(Hscore!=Score)
{setcolor(11);
settextstyle(0,0,3);
outtextxy(490,100,"SCORE");
setcolor(2);
setfillstyle(1,0);
rectangle(520,140,580,180);
floodfill(530,145,2);
Sco[0]=(char)(Score+48);
Sco[1]='\0';
Hscore=Score;
setcolor(4);
settextstyle(0,0,3);
outtextxy(540,150,Sco);
}
}
void Timer()
{if(TimerCounter>18)
{Time[4]=(char)(Time[4]-1);
if(Time[4]<'0')
{Time[4]='9';
Time[3]=(char)(Time[3]-1);
}
if(Time[3]<'0')
{Time[3]='5';
Time[1]=(char)(Time[1]-1);
}
if(TureorFalse)
{setcolor(11);
settextstyle(0,0,3);
outtextxy(490,240,"TIMER");
setcolor(2);
setfillstyle(1,0);
rectangle(490,280,610,320);
floodfill(530,300,2);
setcolor(11);
settextstyle(0,0,3);
outtextxy(495,290,Time);
TureorFalse=0;
}
if(Time[1]=='0'&&Time[3]=='0'&&Time[4]=='0')
{setcolor(11);
settextstyle(0,0,4);
outtextxy(160,220,"Game Over");
loop:key=bioskey(0);
if(key==Enter)
{cleardevice();
TheFirstBlock();
}
else if(key==ESC) cleardevice();
else goto loop;
}
TimerCounter=0;
TureorFalse=1;
}
}
void Win()
{if(Score==3)
Times++;
if(Times==2)
{cleardevice();
setcolor(11);
settextstyle(0,0,4);
outtextxy(160,220,"You Win");
loop:key=bioskey(0);
if(key==Enter)
{cleardevice();
TheFirstBlock();
key=0;
}
else if(key==ESC) cleardevice();
else goto loop;
}
}
void TheSecondBlock()
{if(Score==3)
{cleardevice();
setcolor(11);
settextstyle(0,0,4);
outtextxy(100,220,"The Second Block");
loop:key=bioskey(0);
if(key==Enter)
{cleardevice();
Initsnake();
Initfood();
Score=0;
Hscore=1;
Snkspeed=8;
num=2;
key=0;
}
else if(key==ESC) cleardevice();
else goto loop;
}
}
void Dsnkorfd(int x,int y,int color)
{setcolor(color);
setfillstyle(1,color);
circle(x,y,10);
floodfill(x,y,color);
}
void Delay(int times)
{int i;
for(i=1;i<=times;i++)
delay(15000);
}
first-rate是什么意思 first-rate的中文意思
英音 ['fə:st-'reit];,美音 ['fə:st-'reit];,副词
1.第一流的,最佳的;最高级的
2.【口】极好的,很棒的
ad.
1.【口】很好,极好,这些形容词均有“极好的”之意。
excellent通常指事物在等级品位以及职位级别等方面的最优或接近最优。
choice指通过精心挑选达到水平,尤指罕见或品质精良的商品。
splendid口语常用词,指非常令人满意,显得完美无缺。
select指精挑细选出来作为范例的物或人。
prime常指最重要、价值最高的东西,也可以表示最佳、最典型或最高的人或物。
first-rate多用于指对抽象事物的主观评估,有时含夸大、自负的意味。,of the highest quality,quite well,first rate quality头等质量,first rate第一流的,first order rate process一级速度过程,conception rate after first insemination一次授精受胎率,at first起初,首先,一开头,first in n.先进,at that rate如果那样的话,照此下去,rate... with...把…与…相提并论,rate with与...并列列为,at the rate of以...速度,first rate a. 1.第一流的,最佳的;最高级的 2.【口】极好的,很棒的 ad. 1.【口】很好,极好,first a.1.第一的;最初的;最早的;最先的;首要的2.初次的ad.1.第一;最初;最先2.先;首先3.第一次;首次4.(用于列举事项)第一,首先5.宁愿;宁可,first【构词成分】(构成副词)表示"...为先地","...朝前地"(如:head-first, jump into the water feet-first脚先入水地跳入水中),rate n. 1.[C]比例,率;比率2.速度,速率3.[C]费用,价格;行市4.[U]等级5.【英】地方税6.责骂,怒斥v. [T]1.对...估价;对...评价2.,first in first out【计】先进先出,first()order一阶,first e first service【计】先来先服务,first e first serve phr.先到先得,first e first served【计】先到先服务,first run a.首轮放映
head是什么意思 head的中文翻译及音标
英音 [hed];,美音 [hɛd];,名词
1.可数名词:头,头部;一个头部之长度(量度单位)
2.可数名词:【口】头痛
3.可数名词:理解力;智力;想像力;头脑:
4.某方面的才智或天资
5.(通常heads)漫面(硬币有人头像的一面)
6.一人;(禽兽羣中的)头,只
7.可数名词:形状或位置似头之物(如大头针等之平端、工具之打击或切割部分、植物茎梗顶部之叶或花)
8.可数名词:(倒出的啤酒等上面的)泡沫
9.可数名词:(录音机的)磁头
10.可数名词:疖子或皮肤上的脓肿的隆起部分
11.可数名词:(通常作单数)上端;顶端
12.可数名词:重要或较突出的一端
13.不可数名词:(行列或军队的)领头部分,前列;领导地位
14.可数名词:某集体或组织等的领导人,家长 [attrib作定语](head waiter);(中小学或学院的)领导人,校长
15.可数名词:(通常作单数)(保持一定高度的)水头(如用作水磨或水电站之动力的),水的落差,水压;蒸气压力
16.可数名词:(通常作单数)(用于地名)岬,海角
17.可数名词:(演讲、文章等的)主要部分,标题
v.
1.及物动词:在(某事物)的前部或顶部;主管或领导(某事物)
2.及物动词:(尤用于被动语态)给(信等)加上信头、标题等
3.不及物动词:朝某方向行进
4.及物动词:【体】(足球比赛中)用头顶(球)
,这些名词都指“拥有权力或统治权的人”。
chief最广泛用词,上可指最高统治者,下可指顶头上司,即可指任何一级的头头。
head多指一个机构或团体等的负责人或最高首长。
leader指国家、民族、政党、组织等的领导或领袖。强调领导能力、含有能够引导、指导、控制被领导者并获得其支持的意味。
boss非正式用词,多作口语用,可指任何负责人,也可指经理、老板或工头。,that which is responsible for one's thoughts and feelings; the seat of the faculty of reason,(usually plural) the obverse side of a coin that usually bears the representation of a person's head,(puter science) a tiny electromagic coil and metal pole used to write and read magic patterns on a disk,that part of a skeletal muscle that is away from the bone that it moves,a projection out from one end,(nautical) a toilet on board a boat or ship,the striking part of a tool,oral stimulation of the genitals,a single domestic animal,a membrane that is stretched taut over a drum,a line of text serving to indicate what the passage below it is about,be in the front of or on top of,be the first or leading member of(a group) and excel,take its rise,travel in front of; go in advance of others,form a head or e or grow to a head,remove the head of,to go or travel towards,a dense clusters of flowers or foliage,the length or height based on the size of a human or animal head,an individual person,the pressure exerted by a fluid,a user of(usually soft) drugs,a person who is in charge,the top of something,the foam or froth that accumulates at the top when you pour an effervescent liquid into a container,a rounded pact mass,the front of a military formation or procession,the part in the front or nearest the viewer,forward movement,(grammar) the word in a grammatical constituent that plays the same grammatical role as the whole constituent,the subject matter at issue,the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains,the rounded end of a bone that bits into a rounded cavity in another bone to form a joint,be in charge of,direct the course; determine the direction of travelling,the tip of an abscess(where the pus accumulates),the educator who has executive authority for a school,a natural elevation(especially a rocky one that juts out into the sea),the source of water from which a stream arises,a V-shaped mark at one end of an arrow pointer,a difficult juncture,head for 1.朝…方向前进2.注定要(倒霉、遭殃等),in the head phr.头部,head to n.船首朝向,at the head of adv.在...的最前面,head on adv.迎面地,HEAD IN vt.居首位,领先,头球进门,by the head船首纵倾,head for前往,head to head adv.交头接耳地adj.时意思是"一对一的","势均力敌的","短兵相接的"例: head to head match head-to-head parison head-to,head to head association头头缔合,head【构词成分】(构成名词)
1.表示"顶端";"顶部"(如:pithead)
2.表示"源头"(如:fountainhead),HEAD=High-Explosive Delayed Action高爆延进炮弹,head n.1.[C]头,头部;一个头部之长度(量度单位)2.[C]【口】头痛3.[C]理解力;智力;想像力;头脑:4.某方面的才智或天资5.(通常heads)漫面(硬币有人,head to head n.肉搏战,arrow( head)箭头,head on a.正面的面对面的;毫不避讳的,button head圆形端头,head rail门框上帽头,high head高压头,multiple machine head多切削头
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